In this article, mathematical solutions is given with sixteen Vedic principles, which were deep rooted in Vedas. Vedic maths fosters easy solutions on difficult challenges of maths.An ancient form of mathematics- Helping the medieval age group in different mathematical challenges and that is none other than “Vedic maths”. Vedic mathematics has spread to all educational system and to all knowledgeable centers. There is a simplicity and effective measure, which provides lots and lots of benefits to students rather to every age group. Yes, this mathematics can be pursued by any one of any age group.The history of this mathematics was deep rooted in Vedas that is it has come from Vedic Age. It contains numerous principles of Vedas, which contains basic knowledge of polynomials, algebras, square roots, cube roots and the concept of zero. There are sixteen sutras in Vedic maths rather principles.16 principles/ sutras make mathematics easy and simple as it has many mental maths formulae and mind works, which directs solutions with appropriate methods. There is another name- Aphorisms, which covers every aspect of mathematics counting geometry, calculus, arithmetic and trigonometry. Sixteen sutras are very easy to memorize and enables quick solutions of lengthy, tough mathematical struggles and challenges.The sixteen sutras are-

Ekadhikina Purvena: By one more than the previous one Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah: All from 9 and the last from 10 Urdhva-Tiryagbyham: Vertically and crosswise Paraavartya Yojayet: Transpose and adjust Shunyam Saamyasamuccaye: When the sum is the same that sum is zero (Anurupye) Shunyamanyat: If one is in ratio, the other is zero Sankalana-vyavakalanabhyam: By addition and by subtraction Puranapuranabyham: By the completion or non-completion Chalana-Kalanabyham: Differences and Similarities Yaavadunam: Whatever the extent of its deficiency Vyashtisamanstih: Part and Whole Shesanyankena Charamena: The remainders by the last digitSopaantyadvayamantyam: The ultimate and twice the penultimateEkanyunena Purvena: By one less than the previous one Gunitasamuchyah: The product of the sum is equal to the sum of the product Gunakasamuchyah: The factors of the sum is equal to the sum of the factorsEffective and significant benefit of vedic maths training is solving and calculations like squares and square roots, reciprocals, cubic equations and high degree calculations. Apart from these,vedic maths classes at vedic maths franchise have sample benefits for students and math seekers who develop challenges and problems while calculations.It also portrays a significant role in providing a new approach to mathematics by enriching knowledge and understanding of Mathematics.

A short introduction to early mathematics, spanning the globe from Egypt to Greece and on to India, by Robin Wilson, Emeritus Gresham Professor of Geometry. Thetranscript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: www.gresham.ac.uk Gresham College has been giving free public lectures since 1597. This tradition continues today with all of our five or so public lectures a week being made available for free download from our website. www.gresham.ac.uk
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Question: Do you have to be a genius in mathematics in order to pursue accounting and finance studies?
Here’s the thing, i’ve always been bad at mathematics, but on the contrary, for some reason, i’ve always enjoyed statistics and done pretty good at exams in the past. Now i’m planning on starting a bachelor degree in accounting and finance, so what i desire to know is what kind of mathematics should i expect if i follow this path? how advanced does it get?

Best answer:

Answer by angelkat2
It’s pretty much basic maths in the accounting and finance degree im taking. addition, subtraction, percentages, averages etc. There are also variations to the degree, so if you don’t like the idea of the maths, then you could do a more business management based degree, which in my university had the same 1st year courses but meant less maths in the 2nd and 3rd year.

Give your answer to this question below!

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Article by Clifton Flack

When we think about or discuss the details and benefits of mathematical games, we immediately assume that they are meant for growing children in assisting their brain power development. The truth is many of the mathematical games could be used by adults also for enhancing their brain capabilities, improve memory retention and recollection, and increase processing speed in any kind of situation. Mathematical games presented by many websites as online brain games range from simple mathematical problems to deep and complicated ones, some of them remaining unsolved even now. Mathematical games could be categorized as basic number games, plain and complex geometrical puzzles, combinational problems, and network-based brain games.

Mathematical problems are believed to have started since the time human settlements took place on earth. One mathematical puzzle, known as papyrus, had been accepted as belonging to the ancient Egyptian culture and written around 1850 BC. The puzzle is “There are seven houses in a place, in which seven cats live. Each cat had killed seven mice. The ears of grains eaten by each mouse in these houses are also seven. Every single ear of grain could have produced wheat amounting to seven hekats. What would be the total of all these items?”

Similarly, ancient Greeks also presented several classical mathematical puzzles, with many of them by the famous mathematician and scientist, Archimedes. The book known as ‘The Sandreckoner’ contains such mathematical brain games, with the ‘Cattle Problem’ being the most popular among them. The solution to the problem is a number with an unbelievable 206545 digits. Another great mathematician of the past was Fibonacci, whose book, ‘Liber Abaci’ was written in 1202. His principles are applied today in many online brain games, as well as by operators in stock markets and currency markets.

The online brain games based on mathematical puzzles offered by nearly all the websites in this field can be categorized as counter and board games, card games, domino games, coin games, pencil and paper games, and scissors and paper games. Board games involve pieces or counters that are placed on the board, moved across the board, and removed from the board. The most basic board games known to everybody are checkers and backgammon. The modern online board games include Scrabble, Monopoly, and Risk. Such online board and counter games would be highly beneficial both for children, as well as for adults in improving brain power.

The online numbers games and geometric puzzles are highly interesting exercises. We might think what could be the great thing about additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions, and basic geometry. That is underestimating the power of mathematics in improving our brain power. For example, many of us would not be able to multiply beyond 12×12 or 16×16. If you could multiply a 3-digit number by another 3-digit number in your brain and present the answer, you could guess how much brain power you possess. This is easily possible with practice. Similarly, familiarizing yourself with geometrical and trignometrical patterns and solving puzzles involving them improve your brain power tremendously. Such puzzles are available in large numbers in online brain games.

Table of contents for all the math videos available through the About Page: chycho.blogspot.com Direct link to full Table of Contents: chycho.blogspot.com Erowid www.erowid.org Additional Design & Illustration by Per Wessmark www.wessmark.com Peace, chycho http .
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Question: Would a mathematics degree combined with IT help getting a job as a software engineer?
I’m considering a B Mathematics/B Information Technology dual degree after school and I’m wondering how much the Mathematics degree would help in getting a job in software development? I’ll be majoring in software engineering. Thanks in advance.

Best answer:

Answer by oyston out!
Yes, you are very likely to get a job in software engineering with degrees like that, good combination too.

What do you think? Answer below!

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Article by Jennie Gandhi

Vedic Mathematics is an ancient form of Mathematics that is spreading its wings around the educational systems and the knowledge centers. The interest as well as the demand is growing due to its simplicity and effectiveness, providing a bundle of benefits.

This ancient form of mathematics was born in the Vedic Age but the system as well as the significance of this form was buried deep under the centuries and ages. Later on, Sri Bharati Krsna Tirthaji studied the Vedas, a set of sacred ancient Hindu texts, from where he founded a set of sutras that he claimed allegedly encompass all mathematics. The remarkable system of calculation was then rediscovered by Tirthaji from the Vedas between 1911 and 1918.

‘Sutras’ is a term taken from the ancient Indian language, Sanskrit, that means ‘thread of knowledge’. As the meaning suggests, these sutras are well described as word formulae or one-line formulae that ease mathematical calculations. These formulae naturally make the mind works in direction to the appropriate method of solution. It is also known as aphorisms and covers each and every aspect of mathematics including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, and trigonometry.

Vedic Maths works on the principle of 16 sutras that are easily memorized, easily understandable, enabling to solve long and tough mathematical problems quickly and effectively. The 16 sutras are:

1. Ekadhikina Purvena: By one more than the previous one2. Nikhilam Navatashcaramam Dashatah: All from 9 and the last from 103. Urdhva-Tiryagbyham: Vertically and crosswise4. Paraavartya Yojayet: Transpose and adjust5. Shunyam Saamyasamuccaye: When the sum is the same that sum is zero6. (Anurupye) Shunyamanyat: If one is in ratio, the other is zero7. Sankalana-vyavakalanabhyam: By addition and by subtraction8. Puranapuranabyham: By the completion or non-completion9. Chalana-Kalanabyham: Differences and Similarities10. Yaavadunam: Whatever the extent of its deficiency11. Vyashtisamanstih: Part and Whole12. Shesanyankena Charamena: The remainders by the last digit13. Sopaantyadvayamantyam: The ultimate and twice the penultimate14. Ekanyunena Purvena: By one less than the previous one15. Gunitasamuchyah: The product of the sum is equal to the sum of the product16. Gunakasamuchyah: The factors of the sum is equal to the sum of the factors

There are numerous benefits of vedic mathematics. Some of the most significant benefits are its effectiveness and perfection in solving all sort of mathematical problems and calculations like reciprocals, squares and square roots, cubes and cube roots, multiple simultaneous equations, cubic equations, and higher degree equations. It also helps to cross check all the calculations and confirm the correctness.

Apart from these, it also plays an influential role in providing a new approach to our outlook by enriching our knowledge and understanding of Mathematics.

To learn more on the ancient form of mathematics, click Vedic Maths .

garygeck.com for more info! This is the long awaited part 3 in my 42 part video series. Parts 1-7 deal with Georg Cantor and in this video I finally begin to get into the mathematical ideas whereas parts 1 and 2 dealt more with the philosophical groundwork. As always it’s in 1080 HD if you choose that viewing option. -Gary Geck
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Article by Brixovng

Several questions arise from this overview of the national standards for mathematics and science. Where exactly in the course of K-12 standards-based education are the fundamental concepts of space, representation, and spatial reasoning taught, exercised, and developed? Who as in teachers of which school subject(s) is responsible for ensuring that studentsdevelop increasing mastery of these ideas? Is this mastery available for transfer across the curriculum? As noted above, the mathematics standards are constructivist, building to higher levels of abstraction as the student progresses through the grades to the level of understanding and competency expected of a graduating senior. Chapter 3 of the Principles and Standards for School Mathematics provides an integrated view of the progression of understanding and competency for all ten mathematics standards. Figures 5.1 and 5.2 are excerpts from two parts of the geometry standard: (I) specify locations and describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other representational systems, and (2) use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems. These two parts are closely tied to concepts of space, representation, and spatial reasoning. Each of these parts has clearly stated outcomes with respect to mathematical understanding and contains clear examples of their application to real-world problems.

This article through 7 of the mathematics standards describe how the goals are accomplished in bur developmental levels (pre-K-2, 3-5, 6-8, and 9-12). The progression for the geometry standard starts with the identification of points and coordinate systems, clearly oriented toward maps and other graphic representations, and the visualization of two. and three-dimensional objects. These basic concepts are developed in the corresponding sections of grade levels K-2 and 3-5 standards. In Figure 5.3 the idea of placing things in space begins a process of constructing the ability to deal with more complicated spatial concepts that grows to ideas of distance and direction, part of a progression of increasingly complicated spatial concepts.

There are these concepts developed further, enabling navigation for example, but also basic computer technology is used to support and enhance the learning process. In Figure 5.5 the focus is on developing spatial thinking as a skill in young learners, explicitly in terms of navigation and visualization. By the time students are in grades 3-5, the geometry standard calls not only for the building of additional spatial thinking skills (Figure 5.6), but also for the teacher to explicitly tie those skills to other areas of mathematics and to other disciplines such as science.

How well is the mathematicians’ call for making ties to other disciplines reflected in and supported by the science standards? The simple concepts of position and shape are nicely mirrored in the science standards. The science standards provide a guide to the specific science content at each grade level (K-4,5-8, and 9-12) for each area of science covered (physical, life, Earth, and space). The content guide for the physical science standard for grades K-4 is shown. The sections on the physical properties of objects and materialsand the position and motion of objects both use the spatial concepts being developed in the mathematics standard. Objects have position and shape in the science standard. In the geometry standard the concepts of position and shape am explicitly taught and reinforced. Similarly there are connections to other parts of the mathematics standards, and therefore the connection between the mathematics and science standards seems clear. At these early grades, the assumptions on the part of the writers of the science standards that mathematics will provide a prerequisite basis of knowledge that can be drawn on by science teachers and students seems appropriate.

Learning things is not limited to the scentific area. Instead it also has relations with some other things like speaking a language or using software, including Rosetta Stone Russian and Rosetta Stone Spanish. If you have a creative mind, you will make all your own differences in the end!

Question: Are the Mathematics of today destined to fail for the birth of new complexes and applicable theories/formulas?
It is quite evident that many of the Mathematical areas and complexes are bringing mathematicians to a slow halt; just like in Calculus, their research never reaches a halt, but is always approaching it. Could it be that the Mathematics that we implement today be destined to fail for an emerging realm of unprecedented mathematics, such that of Fermat’s Last Theorem. Is it possible that Mathematicians are searching for the wrong? Rather than the solution, proposed it must, be the question?

Best answer:

Answer by Lobosito
“It is quite evident that many of the Mathematical areas and complexes are bringing mathematicians to a slow halt;”

I agree, but we can only hope that a breaktrough will allow us to pass the halt, that is the essence of math, to advanced, even sometimes slowly. I guessed the problems Poicare proposed 100 years ago were finally solved( except one I think).

“Could it be that the Mathematics that we implement today be destined to fail for an emerging realm of unprecedented mathematics, such that of Fermat’s Last Theorem.”
I don’t think so. Actually the real mass of abstract math was done in the last 200 years.

“Is it possible that Mathematicians are searching for the wrong?”
I guess Math is stimulated by the advance of applied sciences as physics, chemistry, biology etc. It’s a lot of work to be done. Math is the queen but a queen that sacrifices for others.

Add your own answer in the comments!

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Article by Lim EeHai

Mathematics consists of many symbols, operators and mathematical expressions. It is an abbreviated form of the spoken language. As such, usage of the mathematical operators have to be suitably carried out to reflect its real meaning. In this article, the usage of the mathematical operator “()” is discussed. Why is this operator so unique as to warrant attention?

Basically, this operator has its equivalence in the text-based language (example, English) in term of symbol but not in usage. For mathematics, the usage of this “parentheses” is primarily to isolate group of mathematical variables. It is to present a clearer picture of the mathematical expression which can be rather long at times. It also serves to simplify calculation or computation.

In the text-based language structure, the individual parenthesis can be replaced by comma if necessary. But for mathematics, the parentheses cannot be replaced by any other operators or symbols upon opening up the grouping. Mistake is therefore commonly made at this stage of group opening where the sign of the grouping is not taken care of. The end result of the computation will therefore be incorrect as a consequence of the wrong sign taken.

Example: 7 – (2 + 4) will give an answer of 7 – 6 = 1 if computed correctly. If wrongly done without care for sign in front of the first parenthesis, the computation will be 7 – 2 + 4 which gives a wrong result of 9!

How therefore can we resolve this type of careless error? The answer is simply to do more practices(of course with understanding). This will instill in the mathematics learner the habit to correctly remove the mathematical operator “parentheses” without making mistakes. In conclusion,though the mathematical operator seems simple, it serves importance to the process of calculation and must be taken care of.

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Article by Paul Timmerman

Numbers rule the world of some people such as actuaries, accountants, professional gamblers and statisticians. Equations and calculations pretty much fill the days of these people as they are very much into numbers each passing day. Even people who do not think so highly about math also admit that mathematics is essential do daily life. A working knowledge of simple arithmetic is important as you calculate your bills or manage your bank account or even totaled your taxes paid.

In the wonderful world of conveyors, mathematics is something that cannot be overlooked. Mathematics will have to be included in the preparation and design of a conveyor system that will move materials from one point to another. Numbers crunching will have to be done with regards to specific conveyor functions and the other activities that will happen in the system. As we look at the different kinds of functions related with a conveyor system we will appreciate the role mathematics play in such a system.

There are a lot of people who consider mathematics as a very hard subject to understand. Being able to master mathematics is something that only comes after much training and practice. Certain types of conveyors exist where math should be a main consideration and may possibly be a distraction if not properly specified. Math and physics do play a huge role especially in inclined conveyor systems. The reason behind this is that dealing with vertical platforms or with angles and gravity makes mathematics and physics integral parts of the system.

A high level of mathematical prowess is also required in rolled conveyors systems that have manipulative staggering. The reason behind this is that operational performance is sometimes dependent on many moving parts as they move towards the ultimate destination. Tasks that are as complicated as this do require very accurate mathematical calculations.

Finally, we have the case of the curved conveyor where math is very much required. There are many instances where the conveyors have to go through curves in order to properly deliver its payload and in this situations math is a requisite. Your run the risk of jams, clogged packages or traffic obstructions when the math in these systems is not done correctly.

You should always remember that conveyors are very huge and dangerous pieces of equipment. Conveyors require different modes of operation and have lots of specifications that need to be followed. You will need serious number crunching as you calculate housing space size, expenses, controls of temperature and climate, time and electronic calibration and manpower. The main function of conveyors is to transport stuff hence humans will always be required to do mathematical calculations in order to operate conveyors properly. The next opportunity that you will be planning for a conveyor system, make sure that you give math a high priority in order for you to be successful.

Operating a conveyor system is like playing a chess game where you need to strategize your every move. As in our daily lives, mathematics will be an integral part of conveyor systems operations forever. As you accept mathematics as an important part of the operations, you will find that working with conveyors can be very pleasurable.

sites.google.com This is a video on basic mathematics. This video helps you identify the different variables related to the mathematical operation of division, like divisor, dividend, quotient and remainder. New video uploaded every month. Subscribe for updates.
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Article by iCoachMath

Waxing eloquently on the basic importance of Mathematics in human life, Roger Bacon (1214-1294), an English Franciscan friar, philosopher, scientist and scholar of the 13th century, once stated: “Neglect of mathematics works injury to all knowledge, since he who is ignorant of it cannot know the other sciences or the things of the world.” And the ingenuity of his statement is there before us to see, in this Internet era.However, mathematics, in itself, has all the ingredients that make it a universal language shared by all human beings irrespective of culture, religion, or gender. Pi is always 3.14159 regardless of where we are. Similarly, the elemental mathematical processes (like addition, subtraction, etc.) never get changed due to a change in the location or for any other reason whatsoever. These all say about the close intertwining of mathematics in our daily life.

At a time when even a common man is being increasingly dependent upon the application of science and technology in the day-to-day activities of life, the role of mathematics has undoubtedly been redefined. Right from getting up in early hours of the day to the ringing of an alarm, to wait for the counts of whistles of the cooker, to exchange currency at a ticket outlet while availing a public conveyance, almost every next moment we do the simple calculations at the back of our mind. Of course, these are all done pretty unconsciously without a thought being spared for the use of mathematics on all such occasions.

Reading time on a watch, rounding a date on a calendar, checking up the mileage of your car, halting at the filling station, attending to a roll call at school, getting scores in the class exams, scoring in a game, betting on a horse race, preparing a recipe in the kitchen, – the list is just endless if one goes on to note down the situations when our computational skill, or more specifically, simple mathematics comes to play a role. It scares us to certain extent to think of a life without any knowledge of calculation or computation, or in other words mathematics. In many a case, lack of a formal education hardly affects gaining a relative mastery in these computational skills which are so essential in our daily life.

At a psychological level, exposure to mathematics helps in developing an analytic mind and assists in better organization of ideas and accurate expression of thoughts. At a more general level, far away from dealing with the higher mathematical concepts, the importance of mathematics for a common man is underpinned whenever he visits banks, shopping malls, railways, post offices, insurance companies, or deals with transport, business transactions, imports and exports, trade and commerce, and the ilk. Even when we think of role of mathematics in our recreational activities, we surprisingly have a list that runs quite long: video games, computer games, puzzles, riddles, and so on.

It ensues from the above discussion that a modern life style seems completely handicapped and at times, highly improbable, in the absence of mathematics. For, unless we are well versed in the language of numbers, we would find it difficult to reach at important decisions and perform everyday tasks. Be it to shop wisely, or buy the right insurance, or refashion a home within a budget, knowledge of mathematics holds the key, and hence, barely necessary.

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I’m Chandrajeet, an in-house writer for iCoachMath, the providing of All Free Solved Exampled for Math from K …#34; 12. In All USA State Curriculum and also cover all Mathematics Curriculum topics & lessons. I am a regular reader and writer of Education articles. iCoachMath ,

Mathematicians have created some powerful tools for analyzing reality. Factorial math is one of those tools, this video uses a simple example to explain factorial math.
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Question: How difficult are finite mathematics and basic calculus?
I recently changed my major. As part of this change, I have to take two extra math classes – finite mathematics and basic calculus. I made an “A” in college algebra, but that was like a year ago, so I’ll have to review some.

How hard are these two classes? How much of college algebra do these two classes contain? Does basic calculus have the same material as calculus 1?

Best answer:

Answer by K~Luh
i dont think your gonna have a problem with it, i mean if its just basic stuff and u got an A in college algebra..ur good to go. good luck!

What do you think? Answer below!

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Article by Jordon

Mathematics as an Academic Discipline and its Features

Mathematics as an Academic Discipline

Mathematics is the academic discipline. As a theoretical science it has its structure, method and terminology database. There are different centers which are occupied with the detailed researches in this sphere. This discipline appeared thousands years ago. It studies such things like space, quantity, structure. There are continuous argumentations about the nature of mathematical signs (numbers). The fact is that it is unknown whether they exist in nature or they are just a fancy.

History of Mathematics

The word “Mathematics” is of Greek origin. The evolution of the science Mathematics is closely connected with the emergence of so-called mathematical abstractions. And the first abstraction is a number. Of course first numbers were not so complicated as our thousands and millions.

The Process of Evolving of Mathematics

Firstly people counted concrete things and then they moved to the calculation of something abstract. But for this type of calculation numbers were not enough, and then a new system of calculation emerged: day, year, minute. It is quite interesting to know that numeracy anticipates writing. But further steps were to be done to count larger numbers. It should be noted that all the contemporary mathematical notions did not exist till the 16 century.

Structure of Mathematics

What were the main fields of mathematics application? Firstly, this science served for practical needs of trading, painting, land measurement. Later the sphere of usage became wider: Mathematics served Astronomy. Since that time Mathematics has been changing and evolving all the time. Now one can enumerate a large number of Mathematic fields. All they have something in common but they all differ greatly. They are: algebra, analysis, arithmetic, geometry etc. And of course as well as every discipline it can be subdivided into theoretical and practical.

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Question: In the world of mathematics – and particularly trigonometry – what is a “law”? How is it similar and dissimila?
In the world of mathematics – and particularly trigonometry – what is a “law”? How is it similar and dissimilar to “law” in the traditional sense?

Best answer:

Answer by Lefty The Leftfielder
Law in the traditional sense is about good and bad, transgressions and justice.

A mathematical law is called an axiom.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom

This explains it well. Furthermore, you can not go to jail for violating a mathematical law, you are just wrong.

What do you think? Answer below!

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Article by Trevor Johnson

Believe it or not, Vedic mathematics sutras are being practiced in many schools including the ones in London. This type of mathematics is different from the modern mathematics as thought in all schools. But it’s really easy to get to grips with and you can start working out answers in your head quite quickly.

If you are wondering what a sutra is, well, it is a distinctive type of literary works in simplified terms. It is normally depicted in short terms that are easily understood and mainly technical in nature. This definition refers to the sutra as in Hinduism.

Vedic is the term used for Vedas or Hindu religious texts. It is said that Hindu saints, sages and seers could see the connection of Mathematics and the universe. Thus, the birth of Vedic mathematics was possible.

The first person responsible to make the necessary research and present this application in a way that can be understood is Sri Bharati Krishna Tirthaji. He wrote that there sixteen sutras and sub-sutras in Vedic Mathematics. He was proficient in of Sanskrit, Mathematics, History and Philosophy.

His book, Vedic Mathematics was released in 1965. This book caught the interest of many mathematicians from the Western world. Today, it is taught as an alternative mathematical system in many schools in London, India and other countries. It’s certainly worth looking into if this article has piqued your interest in this area of math.

How is it different from modern mathematics? Instead of having fixed methods and such, Vedic mathematics gives students the option to come up with their own methods and concentrates on mental calculations. Hence, it brings forth the creativity in students and helps develop the mental faculties.

As it is, much research is still being carried out to find ways for easy applications of Vedic Mathematics in terms of calculus, geometry and computing. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that Vedic Mathematics has opened up a new world of Mathematics that could be used as complimentary Mathematics to Modern Mathematics in schools, colleges and universities.

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Question: What purpose did zero serve in ancient mathematics?
What purpose did zero serve in ancient mathematics? What purpose does it serve in modern mathematics?

Please provide your source if possible. Please Cite it! Thank you.

Best answer:

Answer by Math Prof
Zero as a number did not come into use until the 9th century in India, so it served virtually no purpose in ancient mathematics. It existed as a concept for the Babylonians and Greeks, but was not used in calculations.

I knew this from studying the history of mathematics. But check out Wikipedia’s article on zero.

What do you think? Answer below!

What Do You Know About Vedic Mathematics Sutras? is a post from: High School Mathematics

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1. Vedic Mathematics

Article by Dr Johan Hansson

Mathematics isn’t science. In fact, its approach is exactly the opposite compared to, for example, physics. Mathematics is an elaborate game, in which it is decided from the outset to play by the given rules. Then one proceeds by proving theorems; truths already implicitly hidden in these rules. In that way, one might say that mathematics is the easiest thing in the world, as everything is given from the start – but of course it requires incredibly sharp brains to lure out and understand what is already embodied in the rules – the starting assumptions (“postulates”) that neither can be proved nor disproved.

In physics, the situation is just the opposite. We are observing the world and trying to understand how it works, that is, trying to find the rules that nature follows. At least we assume that nature follows rules. But the strategy is difficult because we never have perfect knowledge about anything. It’s a bit like covering large parts of a chess board, and then trying to get someone (ignorant of the subtleties of chess) to figure out the rules, by only getting access to some of the 64 squares on the chessboard. For instance, say that you can see only three of the squares; it will be almost impossible to obtain the complete set of chess-rules. No matter how long you stare at the three squares (during a real game of chess on all 64) you will hardly be able to draw any conclusions about what the pieces are doing – and why! – when you aren’t seeing them. They show up seemingly at random, and leave your three squares just as erratically. We could hardly gain knowledge of the complete rules of the game.

But it works roughly the same with the fundamental laws of nature, with the difference that the number of “squares” we need to observe probably is considerably larger than 64. While some physicists believe that we soon will be able to see the equivalent of all “squares”, others think that we still see only three or even fewer.

What, then, is the similarity between mathematics and physics?

A large part of modern mathematics was developed by Newton in the 1600s because he needed it to analyze his laws of motion – mechanics. More modern mathematics, such as group theory and differential geometry, however, was developed “for its own sake”, but was soon borrowed and used in quantum physics and general relativity.

This led the renowned physicist Eugene Wigner, in 1960, to write an article entitled “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences”. Why, wondered Wigner, is mathematics – often designed only for its own sake (fun!) – so successful in describing phenomena of nature? Perhaps nature itself is mathematical in essence?

I think it is much simpler than that. Mathematics is a language developed by the human brain. Albeit the most precise language we know of today, still basically a language. Mathematics is a kind of map over how our brain works, with logic as its compass. In the future it may well be that we find (invent) an even more precise language than mathematics, which will then be used to describe all sorts of phenomena. Since both mathematics and science are the fruits of the human brain, it is also perfectly natural that they should fit like a glove. To say that mathematics is “unreasonably effective” for use in physics and other sciences is rather like saying that our tools to make gloves are “unreasonably successful” to make gloves. The book of nature need not necessarily be written in mathematics any more than a computer manual need to be written in English.

Forwarding of this publication is allowed provided the following web address is includedwww.FunPhysics.org

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Question: What type of mathematics do Civil Structural Engineers use?
I am considering doing Civil Structural Engineering as a career, and I’m interested in what type of mathematics they use on a daily basis in their work.

Thank you.

Best answer:

Answer by Mike
Michael: Structural analysis of most complex systems are done using software programs that cut down difficult or tedious calculations. Nearly all of the analysis and design equations I do by hand or by spreadsheet boil down to algebra and trigonometry. Most of the math in practice is far easier than the calculus, differential equations, and vector analysis classes I had to take as an undergraduate engineering student. Nevertheless, there have been a few times when I’ve had to solve an analysis problem using a differential equation.

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!

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Mathematics vs Physics is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Zionshohet

Lots of students consider mathematics to be quite a difficult subject. For many, mathematics studies represent endless effort, time consuming and frustrating overhead.But, those who are into mathematics, do know that once you are familiar with the details, mathematics provide satisfaction, and even joy. It is true that being good at mathematics is, to some extent, a skill you are born with, but not only.One of the most important principles in being good at mathematics is to be up to date with the items taught at college. Since the items of mathematics are built one on top of the other, similar to building a wall, brick by brick, it is good practice for any student, no matter what his skills are, to keep up following closely the mathematics subjects being taught. Once a student ignores a single subject, it will be difficult to catch up the new subjects, which are built on top. Secondly, although college studies include much of mathematics theory, definitions, theorems, and more, knowing the theory is not sufficient at all. Only by tackling and solving lots of problems, can one get real expertise and excel in mathematics. Practice, practice, practice: this is the name of the game. (Actually, mathematics will become a game eventually).These two important principles led me through my studies for my B.Sc. and my M.Sc. degrees. These principles do hold for all areas of mathematics and for all science subjects such as physics and others.Having said that, still, there must be something else. Something that will really make he difference. That will make a student a great mathematician. Regardless of the born skills, regardless of the dedication, and commitment to mathematics studies, there should be some love, desire, or passion, to gently handle mathematics theorems and rules. If you have such passion, you are on the right way.Bertrand Russell, the great philosopher and mathematician, did reflect the love to mathematics, as follows:”Mathematics posses not only truth, but also supreme beauty”

i know what you’re thinking… not super blue like normal haha… i hope you enjoy this very random video i had the lovely urge to make just for you ? (oh and i just want to say thank you so much to ALL CAPS for letting me use some of their awesome jams in the backgroundo of my video… LAVAL?VESCAPS ———————————– TELL US WHAT OUR NEXT RANDOM VIDEO SHOULD BE ABOUT #lavatopic [me or kyle or both goes here] – [the topic goes here] & don’t forget to check the comments and thumps up the ideas you like ———————————– FOR ALL THE INFO ABOUT PLAYLIST LIVE GO HERE playlist-live.com & HERE bit.ly ———————————– NEW LIVELAVALIVE SHIRT IN HOT TOPIC STORES AND ONLINE!! bit.ly ———————————– THANK YOU FOR WATCHING! mmitchelldaviss.net http

Question: What do you know about Vedic mathematics?
It is given in the Vedas which are now accepted to be
8000 years old. How do you multiply a four digit number
by another four digit number? You will take the last
digit of the second number and multiply the first
number. Like that you have to do four times and add the
results properly. In Vedic mathematics, you will get
the answer in one step, even if it is a 100 digit
number multiplying another 100 digit number. Can you
imagine its implications for our modern times? Most of
you may be knowing that the CPU of a computer consists
of an ALU and NCP (numeric co-processor). If this NCP
is redesigned using Vedic mathematics, a personal
computer will work a lot better than a super computer.
And a super computer will work like a mega computer.
Have you heard the name Sakuntala Devi? Once she was
given a very complicated problem. She gave the answer
in a few seconds, but a main-frame computer took some
minutes. So she was called the Human Computer.
Visit these sites:

http://www.chennaionline.com/articlecomments/displaycomments.asp?CommentTitle=Human+Computer

http://www.drishtikona.com/archives/tidbits/000786.php

http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2002/04/17/stories/2002041704180400.htm

What mathematics could she have used?
Visit these sites to know about Vedic mathematics:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedic_mathematics

http://www.hinduism.co.za/vedic.htm

http://www.vedicmaths.org/

http://www.vedicmaths.org/Introduction/Tutorial/Tutorial.asp

http://www.magicalmethods.com/

http://www1.ics.uci.edu/~rgupta/vedic.html

http://hinduism.about.com/library/weekly/aa062901a.htm

http://vedicmathematics.blogspot.com/

www.tifr.res.in/~vahia/dani-vmsm.pdf
www.vedicmathematics.co.uk/
www.vedamu.org/Mathematics/course.asp
www.sanalnair.org/articles/index-ved.htm
groups.msn.com/VedicMathematics
www.vedicganita.org/
www.vedicmathematics.net/
www.mcs.drexel.edu/~gpmahesh/ved.html
www.gosai.com/chaitanya/saranagati/html/vishnu_mjs/math/math.html
vedicmathsindia.blogspot.com/
www.wired.com/news/culture/0,1284,64575,00.html
www.gosai.com/science/
(The debt of the Western world to India in this
respect cannot be overestimated)
www.jainmathemagics.com/
www.lifepositive.com/mind/education/vedic-mathemat

Best answer:

Answer by aDam
Wow i dont know what ur talking bout

Add your own answer in the comments!

How to Excel in Mathematics is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Elijah James

“Hard but greatly satisfying.”This is typically how one defines a completion of an online college degree in Mathematics. It is because learning Mathematics online requires a lot of your time, effort, hard work, and money. You will surely be burning your midnight candles for such a rewarding investment.

With the desire to provide students the option to earn a degree in their own pace, many online schools have decided to offer this type of degree. Successful careers as a mathematician, teacher, statistician, or actuary await those who have persevered in finishing an online degree in Mathematics.

Why online?

There are many benefits from an online degree. First, the students will just stay at home while earning their online college degree in Mathematics thus, saving money from transportation expenses. Second, the students have the option to complete their online college degree in Mathematics anywhere, as long as they are connected to their virtual classroom. Third, an online college degree in mathematics offers flexibility in their schedule especially, when they are already working. Fourth, for those who learn best on their own, studying online gives them the freedom from different types of distractions. Fifth and the most important one, students learn to be self-motivated and disciplined to earn their online degree.

Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics

An online college degree in mathematics is mainly about numbers, analysis, and problem solving. So what does it take for an online student to earn such a degree? Completion of this degree requires utmost dedication and hard work. If you have a natural skill and love for numbers and calculations, then getting an online college degree in mathematics is the best option for you. The courses offered in this program are more advanced than those you learned during your high school. Courses like abstract algebra, calculus, and statistics will be your bread and butter. This is a good option for those who are naturally gifted in Mathematics to use their skills to have a successful Mathematics-related career in the near future.

Accredited Institutions that you can choose from

You can choose to take your online college degree in mathematics in these accredited online colleges:Western Governor’s University – This online school is located in Salt Lake City. It offers an online Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics, which is primarily focused on those who want to become a Math teacher. Together with their advanced Math classes, education-base courses are also given much emphasis in this school.

The University of Illinois – This online college, located in Illinois, offers an online bachelors degree in Mathematics wherein students can choose to customize their program according to the career path that they want to pursue–be it in the field of business or engineering. Operations research method, linear algebra, and advance calculus are included in their coursework.

Pursuing an online degree in Mathematics demands time, intellect, dedication, hard work, and money. It is, indeed, an investment. And since it’s an investment, rewards like more interesting and lucrative career paths await those who persevere and take it seriously.

Benford’s Law is a truly surprising fact about the frequency of numbers when studying data such as prices, populations, rivers, even street addresses. And if someone’s accounts do not follow Benford’s Law then they may be committing fraud! ———– Here’s a good article by Ted Hill: web.williams.edu Hill, TP. The First-Digit Phenomenon. American Scientist 86 (4), 358-363. (1998) Here’s a list of papers www.benfordonline.net ———– This law was first notice in 1881 by the astronomer Simon Newcomb, then again in 1938 by the physicist Frank Benford. They both noticed that the starting digits of a lot of real world statistics do not appear evenly but follow a logarithmic distribution, for example this would mean numbers that start with a 1 appear over 30% of the time. A quick appeal to intuition will show this is true for data that grows exponentially (geometrically). If something grows by some multiplication factor, you will soon see that the distribution is logarithmic, ie that numbers starting with a 1 appear 30% of the time. This explains the law for a lot of things that grow in this way, like prices and populations. Yet this law also appears in other types of growth, including factorials and Fibonacci numbers. However, remarkably, this law also describes what happens when you take data randomly from a variety of sources, such as you might do if you took numbers from a newspaper. Although this data comes from a variety of distributions, not just from exponential …
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Question: How much mathematics is required in computer science, programming, and electrical engineering?
Let me phase this another way. How much mathematics do does someone need to know to understand and be able to build all the different devices we have in the modern world like computers, televisions, networks, and programs and operating systems?

I suspect all that you’d need is what’s taught in the first year discrete math courses and calculus and linear algebra courses at universities to undergraduates.

Best answer:

Answer by Dagdu1993
I think Mathematics as a whole is needed excepting statistics probablity and permutation combination as all else form basis (trignometry very important) for calculus and linear algebra

What do you think? Answer below!

Pursuing an Online College Degree in Mathematics is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by William Peterson

In the Internet times, most learners will prefer online courses and practices to expand their mathematics knowledge, so math symbols and equations in online quizzes would be an essential part for educators.

Undoubtedly, everyone needs mathematical knowledge to strive forward in the 21st century. As a central part of contemporary education and fundamental of other science subjects, certainly mathematics is abstract, and the mathematical courses are really difficult to learn. Most math or science instructor may believe that, better mathematical ability needs more parctices and assessments.

To prepare a mathematics test, a lot of practices are necessary for learners. Math instructors could design various questions for students to exercise before the formal test. In the era of Internet times, the way of online quizzes is supposed to be more acceptable by most learners. Certainly instructional designers can try a lot of online quiz makers, such as Discovery Education (http://school.discoveryeducation.com/), but for mathematics test, the adding of math symbols could be a really serious problem. Especially, most mathematical equations in algebra or geometry need special symbols to complete. How can a math or science instructor achieve this?

The difficulty associated with including symbols and equations in online quizzes for mathematics test or preparation practice might be the barrier of better online math teaching and learning. The primary problem is that standard Web browsers, such as Internet Explorer and Netscape, are incapable of displaying common math symbols.

To deal with this limitation simply, instructors resort to turning symbols and equations into image files (e.g., gif) which can then be displayed by browsers. In Windows, go to Start -> All Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Character Map to insert special math symbols. Then, make use of free built-in Paint in Windows Accessories to convert the mathematics equations with special symbols to images. About Paint program, just refer to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint_(software)

A second approach is to create symbols using a XML-based language called MathML (Mathematical Markup Language), which then requires a MathML “plug-in” to be installed to a browser to display the symbol. MathML is a low-level specification for describing mathematics as a basis for machine to machine communication by the W3C Math working group. It provides a much needed foundation for the inclusion of mathematical expressions in Web pages. Get more information about MathML at http://www.w3.org/Math/

The better approach so far is made possible through Flash-based QuizCreator with equation editor feature, which creates equations in Flash mathematics test, as Flash could be easily embedded in Web pages. Certainly it doesn’t require the users to manually install a plug-in to the browser. In addition, it runs alongside the learning management system (such as Moodle, BlackBoard, WebCT) so that the mathematics test preparation practices with math symbols by instructors can be better accessed as course content and assessments. Try Wondershare QuizCreator with math symbols supported from: http://www.sameshow.com/quiz-creator.html

It’s worth trying more solutions of online quizzes for mathematics test to deploy appropriate tools. However, most instructors would favor the Flash way, as the original mathematics test with math symbols can be easily edited in equation editor in the future.

WEBSITE: www.teachertube.com animated movie on the development of numbers
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Question: What is mathematics and computer science?
Hi,

Mathematics and computer science are not natural sciences, applied sciences (technology) or social sciences.
So, what kind of sciences are they?

I found out that they may belong to constructive sciences or formal science but I am not sure.

PLEASE DO NOT ANSWER WITH LINKS.

Thanks.

Best answer:

Answer by research_student09
Mathematics, which is sometimes classified within a third group of science called formal science, has both similarities and differences with the natural and social sciences.[2] It is similar to empirical sciences in that it involves an objective, careful and systematic study of an area of knowledge; it is different because of its method of verifying its knowledge, using a priori rather than empirical methods.[4] Formal science, which also includes statistics and logic, is vital to the empirical sciences. Major advances in formal science have often led to major advances in the physical and biological sciences. The formal sciences are essential in the formation of hypotheses, theories, and laws,[5] both in discovering and describing how things work (natural sciences) and how people think and act (social sciences).

Cognitive science is a rapidly evolving field that deals with complex cognitive processes, intelligent systems, and the emergent behavior of large-scale real-world computational systems. It is an interdisciplinary study. It draws from converging evidence and methodology of diverse fields, including psychology, physics, neuroscience, philosophy, information science, COMPUTER SCIENCE, anthropology and linguistics. The term cognitive science was coined by Christopher Longuet-Higgins in his 1973 commentary on the Lighthill report, which concerned the then-current state of Artificial Intelligence research. In the same decade, the journal Cognitive Science and the Cognitive Science Society began.

good enough..?

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!

More Mathematics Articles

Ideal for Mathematics Test Preparation Practice: Making Online Quizzes with Math Symbols is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Julius Onyango Nyaoke

Mathematics is the study of quantity, structure, space, relation, change, and various topics of pattern, form and entity. Mathematicians seek out patterns and other quantitative dimensions, whether dealing with numbers, spaces, natural science, computers, imaginary abstractions, or other entities. Mathematicians formulate new conjectures and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions.There is debate over whether mathematical objects exist objectively by nature of their logical purity, or whether they are manmade and detached from reality. The mathematician Benjamin Peirce called mathematics “the science that draws necessary conclusions”.Albert Einstein, on the other hand, stated that “as far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.”Through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, mathematics evolved from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects. Knowledge and use of basic mathematics have always been an inherent and integral part of individual and group life. Refinements of the basic ideas are visible in mathematical texts originating in the ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Indian, Chinese, Greek and Islamic worlds. Rigorous arguments first appeared in Greek mathematics, most notably in Euclid’s Elements. The development continued in fitful bursts until the Renaissance period of the 16th century, when mathematical innovations interacted with new scientific discoveries, leading to an acceleration in research that continues to the present day.Today, mathematics is used throughout the world as an essential tool in many fields, including natural science, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences such as economics and psychology. Applied mathematics, the branch of mathematics concerned with application of mathematical knowledge to other fields, inspires and makes use of new mathematical discoveries and sometimes leads to the development of entirely new disciplines. Mathematicians also engage in pure mathematics, or mathematics for its own sake, without having any application in mind, although practical applications for what began as pure mathematics are often discovered later.

vedic mathematics – multiplication
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Question: What is the defintion of mathematics? What is the beauty of mathematics? How do you make students interested?
What is the defintion of mathematics?
What is the beauty of mathematics?
How do you make students interested in mathematics? (through the its applications, beauty… …?)

I feel that mathematics is like a tree which is deeply rooted in the world. It has two main branches which are numbers and shapes. In addition, it constantly branches out into new areas as time passes.
Every branch and leaf is different and unique in its own way.

Best answer:

Answer by Cassiel
Mathematics it’s the language of God.
Everything around you it’s numbers, to have a real life you need those numbers, to pay bills, buy a car, a house and even find a girlfriend or boyfriend at least you have to use numbers to pay you coffee or your movie tickets.
Play with the numbers and then those starts to be funny and interesting.

What do you think? Answer below!

Mathematics Evolution is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Sam Vaknin

In earlier epochs, people used mythological and religious narratives to encode all knowledge, even of a scientific and technological character. Words and sentences are still widely deployed in many branches of the Humanities, the encroachment of mathematical modeling and statistics notwithstanding. Yet, mathematics reigns supreme and unchallenged in the natural sciences. Why is that? What has catapulted mathematics (as distinct from traditional logic) to this august position within three centuries?

Mathematics is a language like no other. Still, it suffers from the drawbacks that afflict other languages. The structure of our language, its inter-relatedness with the world, and its inherent limitations dictate our worldview and determine how we understand, describe and explain Nature and our place in it. Granted, languages are living things and develop constantly (consider slang, or the emergence of infinite numbers theories in mathematics). But, they evolve within a formal grammar and syntax, a logic, a straitjacket that inhibits thinking “outside the box” and renders impossible the faithful perception of “objective” reality.

So, what made mathematics so different and so triumphant?

1. It is a universal, portable, immediately accessible language that requires no translation. Idealists would say that it is intersubjectively shared. This may be because, as Kant and others have suggested, mathematics somehow relates to or is derived from a-priori structures embedded in the human mind.

2. It provides high information density, akin to stenography. Just a few symbols arranged in formulas and equations account for a wealth of experiences and encapsulate numerous observations. Mathematical concepts and symbols do not correspond to material objects or cause them, nor do they alter reality or affect it in any way, shape, or form. One cannot map a mathematical structure or construct or number or concept into the observed universe. This is because mathematics is not confined to describing what is, or what is necessarily so – it also limns what is possible, or provable.

3. Mathematics deals with patterns and laws. It can, therefore, yield predictions. Mathematics deals with forms and structures: some of these are in the material world, others merely in the mind of the mathematician.

4. Mathematics is a flexible, “open-source”, responsive, and expandable language. Consider, for instance, how the introduction of the concept of the infinite and of infinite numbers was accommodated with relative ease despite the controversy and the threat this posed to the very foundations of traditional mathematics – or how mathematics ably progressed to deal with fuzziness and uncertainty.

5. Despite its aforementioned transigence, mathematics is invariant. A mathematical advance, regardless of how arcane or revolutionary, is instantly recognizable as such and can be flawlessly incorporated in the extant body of knowledge. Thus, the fluidity of mathematics does not come at the expense of its coherence and nature.

6. There is a widespread intuition or perception that mathematics is certain because it deals with a-priori knowledge and necessary truths (either objective and “out there”, or mental, in the mind) and because it is aesthetic (like the mind of the Creator, the religious would add).

7. Finally, mathematics is useful: it works. It underlies modern science and technology unerringly and unfailingly. In time, all branches of mathematics, however obscure, prove to possess practical applications.

Still, the conundrum remains: what are mathematical objects? Do they “really” exist (the Platonic view), or are they mental figments?Knives and forks are objects external to us. They have an objective – or at least an intersubjective – existence. Presumably, they will be there even if no one watches or uses them ever again. We can safely call them “Objective Entities”.

Our emotions and thoughts can be communicated – but they are NOT the communication itself or its contents. They are “Subjective Entities”, internal, dependent upon our existence as observers.

But what about numbers? The number one, for instance, has no objective, observer-independent status. I am not referring to the number one as adjective, as in “one apple”. I am referring to it as a stand-alone entity. As an entity it seems to stand alone in some way (it’s out there), yet be subjective in other ways (dependent upon observers). Numbers belong to a third category: “Bestowed Entities”. These are entities whose existence is bestowed upon them by social agreement between conscious agents.

But this definition is so wide that it might well be useless. Religion and money are two examples of entities which owe their existence to a social agreement between conscious entities – yet they don’t strike us as universal and out there (objective) as numbers do.

Indeed, this distinction is pertinent and our definition should be refined accordingly.

We must distinguish “Social Entities” (like money or religion) from “Bestowed Entities”. Social Entities are not universal, they are dependent on the society, culture and period that gave them birth. In contrast, numbers are Platonic ideas which come into existence through an act of conscious agreement between ALL the agents capable of reaching such an accord. While conscious agents can argue about the value of money (i.e., about its attributes) and about the existence of God – no rational, conscious agent can have an argument regarding the number one.

Apparently, the category of bestowed entities is free from the eternal dichotomy of internal versus external. It is both and comfortably so. But this is only an illusion. The dichotomy does persist. The bestowed entity is internal to the group of consenting conscious-rational agents – but it is external to any single agent (individual).

In other words, a group of rational conscious agents is certain to bestow existence on the number one. But to each and every member in the group the number one is external. It is through the power of the GROUP that existence is bestowed. From the individual’s point of view, this existence emanates from outside him (from the group) and, therefore, is external. Existence is bestowed by changing the frame of reference (from individual to group).

But this is precisely how we attribute meaning to something!!! We change our frame of reference and meaning emerges. The death of the soldier is meaningful from the point of view of the state and the rituals of the church are meaningful from the point of view of God. By shifting among frames of reference, we elicit and extract and derive meaning.

If we bestow existence and derive meaning using the same mental (cognitive) mechanism, does this mean that the two processes are one and the same? Perhaps bestowing existence is a fancy term for the more prosaic attribution of meaning? Perhaps we give meaning to a number and thereby bestow existence upon it? Perhaps the number’s existence is only its meaning and no more?

If so, all bestowed entities must be meaning-full. In other words: all of them must depend for their existence on observers (rational-conscious agents). In such a scenario, if all humans were to disappear (as well as all other intelligent observers), numbers would cease to exist.

Intuitively, we know this is not true. To prove that it is untrue is, however, difficult. Still, numbers are acknowledged to have an independent, universal quality. Their existence does depend on intelligent observers in agreement. But they exist as potentialities, as Platonic ideas, as tendencies. They materialize through the agreement of intelligent agents rather the same way that ectoplasm was supposed to have materialized through spiritualist mediums. The agreement of the group is the CHANNEL through which numbers (and other bestowed entities, such as the laws of physics) are materialized, come into being.

We are creators. In creation, one derives the new from the old. There are laws of conservation that all entities, no matter how supreme, are subject to. We can rearrange, redefine, recombine physical and other substrates. But we cannot create substrates ex nihilo. Thus, everything MUST exist one way or another before we allow it existence as we define it. This rule equally applies bestowed entities.

BUT

Wherever humans are involved, springs the eternal dichotomy of internal and external. Art makes use of a physical substrate but it succumbs to external laws of interpretation and thus derives its meaning (its existence as ART). The physical world, in contrast (similar to computer programmes) contains both the substrate and the operational procedures to be applied, also known as the laws of nature.

This is the source of the conceptual confusion. In creating, we materialize that which is already there, we give it venue and allow it expression. But we are also forever bound to the dichotomy of internal and external: a HUMAN dichotomy which has to do with our false position as observers and with our ability to introspect. So, we mistakenly confuse the two issues by applying this dichotomy where it does not belong.

When we bestow existence upon a number it is not that the number is external to us and we internalize it or that it is internal and we merely externalize it. It is both external and internal. By bestowing existence upon it, we merely recognize it. In other words, it cannot be that, through interaction with us, the number changes its nature (from external to internal or the converse).

By merely realizing something and acknowledging this newfound knowledge, we do not change its nature. This is why meaning has nothing to do with existence, bestowed or not. Meaning is a human category. It is the name we give to the cognitive experience of shifting frames of reference. It has nothing to do with entities, only with us.

The world has no internal and external to it. Only we do. And when we bestow existence upon a number we only acknowledge its existence. It exists either as neural networks in our brains, or as some other entity (Platonic Idea). But, it exists and no amount of interactions with us, humans, is ever going to change this.

Evolutionary biologist Martin Nowak and author Roger Highfield explain how cooperation and altruism fit into the larger evolutionary puzzle. Chaired by Jonathan Rowson.
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Question: How mathematics is important in computer science and programming?
Someone asked me, how mathematics is important and have a vital role in computer science or programming. So I told her but I could not satisfy him. Please tell me in detail. Where and how in computer programming math is used very extensively .

Best answer:

Answer by Ricardo C
Math is the basis and foundation of all computer science. A computer is something that calculates. Nothing more. And since calculations are the concepts of all mathematics, that is how they relate.

A computer only understands one language, which is “machine language” and when broken down is really just mathematics. When you type or do anything on a computer, the CPU translates all of the keystrokes into binary ASCII code, such as 1001 0010

When you move your mouse, the CPU translates the location of the mouse pointer as coordinates on the screen, such as X:106 Y:-568

I can’t answer for programming, but you can imagine the answers would be similar. Programs are simply a middle point for people and computers to understand each other. If the computer only speaks English, and the user only speaks Spanish, then “programming” is the translator in the middle so that each one know what the other wants.

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Why is Mathematics so Successful? is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Pradeep Kumar

Vedic Mathematics

About Vedic Mathematics:

“Vedic Mathematics” is called so because of its origin from Vedas. To be more specific, it has originated from “Atharva Vedas” the fourth Veda. “Atharva Veda” deals with the branches like Engineering, Mathematics, sculpture, Medicine, and all other sciences with which we are today aware of.

The first book on these wonderful methods was written by Swami Bharati Krisna Tirtha ji Mahaharaj, Shankaracharya of Goverdhan Peath. “Vedic Mathematics” was the title suggested by him. He was the person who collected lost formulae from the writings of “Atharwa Vedas” and wrote them in the form of Sixteen Sutras and thirteen sub-sutras which has wide spread application in conventional mathematics. Solutions can be obtained much faster than the conventional methods.

Salient Feature of Vedic Maths* It helps a person to solve mathematical problems 10-15 times faster. * It helps in Intelligent Guessing * It reduces burden (need to learn tables up to 9 only) * It is a magical tool to reduce scratch work and finger counting * It increases concentration. * Being Unique it brings instant recognition to its practitioner

How it has evolved over the years?

Bharti Krishna Tirthaji Maharaja (Shankaracharya of Goverdhan peeth) rediscovered Vedic Mathematics, during 1911 and 1919. The first book on these wonderful methods was written by him. “Vedic Mathematics” was the title suggested by him. He was the person who collected lost formulae from the writings of “Atharwa Vedas” and wrote them in the form of Sixteen Sutras and thirteen sub-sutras.In 1998 when I started working on Vedic Mathematics, it was a little known subject and everybody who came to know about my decision discouraged me. At that point of time I felt that the vedic mathematics is incoherent. You had so many pearls around but all those pearls needed to be arranged in a way to form a necklace. In other words Vedic Mathematics needed to be arranged in a systematic way so that trainers can teach it and derive results.Today, we have made Vedic Mathematics teaching a systematic one, which delivers result. We have divided the whole system into Beginner Level, Medium Level, Expert Level and Advanced Level. Further advancement is uses of Vedic Mathematics in Intelligent Guessing i.e Super Advanced Level. Student up to class X needs only three levels of training. IIT JEE students should go through advanced level and MBA aspirants should go through Super Advanced Level.For Kids segment i.e.7 to 11 years (classes 2 to 6), we have started “Finger Counting and Silly Mistakes Removal Programme”. This programme has been divided into four Levels.In this segment we use a lot of instruments viz. Magic Square, Math Carrom, Frog & Toad Game, Tower of Hanoi, Star Game, Double Star Game, Mind Development Games, which makes learning mathematics more than interesting.

Where it can be applied::

1. Finger Counting & Silly Mistakes Removal for Kids:

Finger Counting and silly mistakes are two very serious weaknesses which hampers student’s progress in mathematics. A child gets into the habit of finger counting from the time he starts getting familiar with the numbers. He starts his journey to counting by representing numbers with lines. He learns to add by adding lines and subtract by removing lines. Over a period of time from adding and removing lines on paper or slate he starts using fingers. This develops in an irreversible habit of finger counting. This remains with the child when he grows up. This makes him slow.Silly mistakes can be termed as careless mistakes, which happen due to wavering concentration and overconfidence. This hampers the overall performance of the child. We have developed and running a programme called Finger Counting and Silly Mistakes removal for kids. The basis of this is Vedic Mathematics.

2. Marks Improvement Tool for middle & high School students:Once a student enters into the middle school level the dynamics and priority changes. Here the students have more to read and more things to concentrate upon. In this scenario he wants to do every thing fast so that he can achieve more in less time. Due to this he commits silly mistakes. This becomes more pronounced because he does not have a tool, which can help him in verifying his answer. Vedic Mathematics provides him a tool where he can verify his answer without rework. (multiplication, division, squares, cubes, square root, cube root included). We are running this programme at our centre.

3. Approximation and Intelligent Guessing Tool for CAT/MBA & IIT JEE:

To carry out approximation one needs to very thorough with the tables. But how far you can memorize tables? Vedic Mathematics makes approximation a breeze.

4. Business Negotiations/ Sales:

A business contract can be won time if you can provide a good deal without taking a lot of time and mind it you cannot always resort to calculator.

5. Maths Teachers:

It acts as an added qualification for Maths Teachers and proves to be a very strong tool for getting a job.

6. Share Brokers:

Share brokers can calculate their margins very fast using Vedic Mathematics. I had interacted with several share brokers and given them tips. Again this tool is very strong if you wish to work as share broker.

7. Cryptography:

This technology is used by almost everybody who hold e-mail account, net-banking account, ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards etc. When you enter your secret pin into the ATM machine or on the net it takes a minimum of 300 milli seconds to respond back. This time can be reduced if we start using Vedic Mathematics in this arena. I have firm belief in this and I am doing research in this area to bring this 300 milliseconds time to approximately 50-60 milli seconds.

8. Computer Science: Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent…. NASA is working in this direction.

9. Chip Design:

Chip designed around Vedic Mathematics may allow computers to run faster. People have taken note of the power of Vedic Mathematics and few computer engineers are trying to work on this agenda. Recently they had contacted me and asked me to explain several sutras and sub-sutras in detail. This is one area of further research.

10. Bio-Chemistry:

Working out molecular structure of an item takes very long time, some time it goes into several years (10 – 11 years). Software based on Vedic Mathematics can reduce this time frame to 1 to 2 years. A lot of research is required to prove the hypothesis correct.

Who can learn Vedic Mathematics?

Normally mathematics / science / commerce graduate can learn this very fast. Magical Methods is offering course on Vedic Mathematics for Kids segment between 7- 13 years of age, students aspiring for IIT, MBA etc

October 23, 2010 – Professor Margot Gerritsen illustrates how mathematics and computer modeling influence the design of modern airplanes, yachts, trucks and cars. This lecture is offered as part of the Classes Without Quizzes series at Stanford’s 2010 Reunion Homecoming. Margot Gerritsen, PhD, is an Associate Professor of Energy Resources Engineering, with expertise in mathematical and computational modeling of energy and fluid flow processes. She teaches courses in energy and the environment, computational mathematics and computing at Stanford University. Stanford University: www.stanford.edu Stanford Alumni Association: www.stanfordalumni.org Department of Mathematics at Stanford: math.stanford.edu Margot Gerritsen: margot.stanford.edu Stanford University Channel on YouTube: www.youtube.com
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Question: What people started to embrace mathematics and what did they find so appealing to it?
I think it was the greeks but before mathematics,all mathematicians where connected to literature and poetry.What led them to mathematics?I think that is the history of mathematics,but what hap pend?Thank you!

Best answer:

Answer by Ryan
The Egyptians and the Mayans both used their extremely advanced mathematics to build their pyramids.

Give your answer to this question below!

Vedic Mathematics is a post from: High School Mathematics

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Article by Steven Magill

Choosing mathematics as an undergraduate course is an option especially for those with a flair with numbers. But even if mathematics is not your cup of tea, learning it and mastering it can be achieved with practice and hard work. Here are some of the reasons why mathematics should be considered as an undergraduate course:

- Mathematics is the universal language. And I am not just talking about our world. It is the language to be understood even by those not from our world if ever. The logical sequencing of formulas will be understood by anyone. It is this commonality that will enable us to talk to others should such an occurrence happen. Remember the movies contact and even Star Trek, these movies reflect the true universality of mathematics.

- There is a career for math majors. Of course the most obvious of it is in the field of actuary. The mathematicians are those that make the probabilities for insurance companies. They are the ones that set the rates for car insurance for example. Looking for a cheap young driver’s car insurance, these actuarians look at the place or location, the number of vehicles, the number of accidents per year based on age demographics, and in getting such numbers, they make estimation. Car insurance is also based on the type of vehicle. So what vehicle has the lowest rate: the family van.

- Mathematicians can branch out to other fields. The career of a mathematician is not limited to actuary studies but they can go to finance, research, and can even manage or head companies. If you look at those working for NASA, most of them are skilled in this science. Some have post graduate degrees in Astro-Physics or doctorates in engineering and the like. Mathematics is a tough discipline because it forces you to follow set protocols based on logic. It is a discipline which is useful. It is a life lesson constantly being undertaken.

- Math can make you famous. Think about it. Johannes Keppler, Thomas Newton, Galileo Galleli, Albert Einstein, Stephen Hawking. All these brilliant minds were mathematicians who used this base to formulate some of the greatest ideas the world has come to embrace. Because of their ideas, their names continue to be remembered and concepts studied throughout school. Even in applied sciences like Engineering, the base of such degree is still mathematics. Mathematics will continue to be the science to which all scientist start from.

Fighting over properties using Maths

Question: MATHEMATICS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!~~~~~?
270 mangosteen are shared among hal, roi and wong. roi and wong get the same number of mangosteens. hal get 10 percent more mangosteen than roi. how many mangosteen does hal get???

a. 90
b. 99
c. 108
d. 117

from my calculation, i got 108….
is it correct???
it must be!!

Best answer:

Answer by Steven
(x+x+x*1.10)=270
x(1+1+1.10)=270
x(3.1)=270

x=87.1 for roi and wong
x*1.1=95.8 for hal

What do you think? Answer below!

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Article by John Botha

Statistics homework help teach the basic principles, definition and properties of mathematics. Mathematics plays an important role in the study of relationship between the numbers and various operations. Mathematics is a way to communicate, analyze data and interpreting the data’s and math is applied to all field like science, business etc. If the student understands the basic aspects and skills, it is easy to solve any kind of advanced calculations.Statistics homework help provides the basic principles of mathematics,Arithmetic: Arithmetic is the oldest branch of mathematics, used by everyone even for the science and commerce. It refers to simpler operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. More advanced arithmetic’s is number theory.Addition: Addition is a mathematical operation that represents combining group of objects together into a larger collection. It is denoted by plus sign (+). There are different patterns of addition they are, commutative, associative, zero and one and units.Subtraction: Subtraction is one of the four basic operations, it is inverse of addition. It is denoted by minus sign (-). Subtraction finds the difference between two numbers.Multiplication: Multiplication is one of the four basic operations; it is scaling one number by another. It is denoted by the sign (x). Properties of multiplication are commutative property, associative property, distributive property, zero element and inverse element.Division: Division is one of the four Basic operations, it is inverse of multiplication. It is denoted by the sign (÷). Division finds the quotient of two numbers, the dividend divided by the divisor. Division can be carried out for different patterns like division of algorithm, division of integers, division of rational numbers, division of real numbers, division by zero, division of complex numbers, computing division, and division of polynomials and division in algebra.Number theory: Number theory is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of numbers. Number theory subdivided into several fields like elementary number theory, analytical, algebraic, geometry of numbers, arithmetic algebraic geometry, arithmetic topology, combinatorial number theory and computational number theory.Algebra: Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning with the rules of operations and relations. Algebra is one of main branches of pure mathematics. Algebraic constructions and aspects from them include terms, polynomials, equations and algebraic structures. Classifications of algebra include elementary algebra, abstract algebra, linear algebra, universal algebra, algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry.Measurement: Measurement is the process of determining the magnitude of a quantity such as length or mass, gram, and liter. International system of units, it is modern revised form of metric system abbreviated as SI. The SI was developed in 1960 from the meter- kilogram- second (MKS), system it is widely used in commerce and science. The SI units for the four basic physical quantities: length, time, mass and temperature.SI unit of length: meter (m), SI unit of time: second(s), SI unit of mass: kilogram (kg), SI unit of temperature: kelvin (k). There are two types of SI units that are base units: Base units are the simple measurements for time, length, mass, temperature, and amount, electric current and light intensity. Derived units: Derived units are made up of base unit’s kg/ m3.

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Question: MATHEMATICs????
how is 7+7=12?

Best answer:

Answer by hustolemyname
you could be working in base 12 arithmetic

Add your own answer in the comments!

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